Our nation’s newborn screening system is a public health success but increasingly lags far behind advances in science. Moreover, the current newborn screening system’s antiquated and bureaucratic processes could jeopardize public health goals as transformative therapies and advances in diagnostics, treatment, and care become embedded in our health care system. This session will explore recent landmark studies and initiatives involved in modernizing our nation’s newborn screening system and incorporate broad stakeholder views. Topics will include implications for health equity, treatment and care considerations, rare disease, and health care infrastructure.